520 Phil. 181
AUSTRIA-MARTINEZ, J.:
A PARCEL OF LAND (Lot No. 4093 of the Cadastral Survey of Zamboanga City), with the improvements thereon, situated in the Municipality of Zamboanga. Bounded on the NE. by Lot No. 4094 and vecinal Road to Capisan; on the SE. by the Vecinal Road to Capisan; on the SW. by Lot No. 3303; and on the NW. by Lot No. 4105. Containing an area of Sixty Five Thousand Nine Hundred and twenty six (65,926) Square Meters, covered by Original Certificate of Title No. 0-10046 issued by the Register of Deeds of Zamboanga City.(2) the copy of the Original Certificate of Title No. 0-10046 was lost and/or destroyed, as evidenced by the certification issued by the Register of Deeds of Zamboanga City, pursuant to Decree No. 199154 on December 11, 1925; (3) the property was declared by Francisco Rivera for taxation purposes under Tax Declaration No. 0-01-23-00046, and Wee is in actual possession of the property; (4) no co-owner's, mortgagee's or lessee's duplicate copy of the certificate of title has been issued; (5) the property is free from all liens and encumbrances and there is no pending claim or suit against the property; (6) no deed or other instrument adversely affecting the ownership of the property has been presented for registration in the Register of Deeds of Zamboanga City; and (7) the owners of the adjoining properties are Candido M. Cruz (Lot No. 4094 & road), Anastacio Atilano (Lot No. 3303) and Rufo Francisco (Lot No. 4105).[2]
WHEREFORE, upon payment of all the prescribed fees and taxes, the Register of Deeds of Zamboanga City is hereby ordered to reconstitute Original Certificate of Title No. 0-10046, covering Lot No. 4093 of the Cadastral Survey of Zamboanga, with the improvements thereon, situated in the Municipality of Zamboanga, with an area of 65,926 square meters, more or less, and registered in the name of Francisco Rivero, married to Catalina Padua, of Zamboanga, Province of Zamboanga P.I., as the owner in fee simple thereof based on Decree No. 199154 (Exh. "G"), pursuant to Section 2 of Republic Act No. 26.Petitioner appealed the RTC Order to the CA on the sole ground that the trial court erred in ordering the reconstitution considering respondent's (Wee) failure to comply with the jurisdictional requisites therefor.[7] Petitioner argued that the RTC did not acquire jurisdiction over the case due to Wee's failure to comply with the requirement of notice to the adjoining owners, inasmuch as the Notice of Hearing was merely published and posted, but not furnished to the property's adjoining owners.[8]
SO ORDERED.[6]
SEC. 12. Petitions for reconstitution from sources enumerated in sections 2(c), 2(d), 2(e), 2(f), 3(c), 3(d), 3(e), and/or 3(f) of this Act, shall be filed with the proper Court of First Instance, by the registered owner, his assigns, or any person having an interest in the property. The petition shall state or contain, among other things, the following: (a) that the owner's duplicate of the certificate of title had been lost or destroyed; (b) that no co-owner's, mortgagee's or lessee's duplicate had been issued, or, if any had been issued, the same had been lost or destroyed; (c) the location, area and boundaries of the property; (d) the nature and description of the buildings or improvements, if any, which do not belong to the owner of the land, and the names and addresses of the owners of such buildings or improvements; (e) the names and addresses of the occupants or persons in possession of the property, of the owners of the adjoining properties and of all persons who may have any interest in the property; (f) a detailed description of the encumbrances, if any, affecting the property; and (g) a statement that no deeds or other instruments affecting the property had been presented for registration, or if there be any, the registration thereof has not been accomplished, as yet. All the documents, or authenticated copies thereof, to be introduced in evidence in support of the petition for reconstitution shall be attached thereto and filed with the same: Provided, That in case the reconstitution is to be made exclusively from sources enumerated in section 2(f) or 3(f) of this Act, the petition shall be further accompanied with a plan and technical description of the property duly approved by the Chief of the General Land Registration Office (now Commission of Land Registration), or with a certified copy of the description taken from a prior certificate of title covering the same property.Under the foregoing provisions, it was incumbent upon Wee to prove compliance with the following jurisdictional requirements:
SEC. 13. The court shall cause a notice of the petition, filed under the preceding section, to be published, at the expense of the petitioner, twice in successive issues of the Official Gazette, and to be posted on the main entrance of the provincial building and of the municipal building of the municipality or city in which the land is situated, at least thirty days prior to the date of hearing. The court shall likewise cause a copy of the notice to be sent, by registered mail or otherwise, at the expense of the petitioner, to every person named therein whose address is known, at least thirty days prior to the date of hearing. Said notice shall state, among other things, the number of the lost or destroyed certificate of title, if known, the name of the registered owner, the names of the occupants or persons in possession of the property, the owners of the adjoining properties and all other interested parties, the location, area and boundaries of the property, and the date on which all persons having any interest therein must appear and file their claim or objections to the petition. The petitioner shall, at the hearing, submit proof of the publication, posting and service of the notice as directed by the court.
Jurisprudence dictates that these requirements must be complied with before the court can act on the petition and grant the reconstitution of title prayed for.[12] Specifically, the requirement of actual notice to the occupants and the owners of the adjoining property is itself mandatory to vest jurisdiction upon the court in a petition for reconstitution of title, and essential in order to allow said court to take the case on its merits. The non-observance of the requirement invalidates the whole reconstitution proceedings in the trial court.[13]
- [That] the notice of the petition must be published, at the expense of the petitioner, twice in successive issues of the Official Gazette, and posted on the main entrance of the provincial building and of the municipal building of the municipality or city in which the land is situated, at least thirty days prior to the date of hearing;
- [That] the notice state among other things, the number of the lost or destroyed certificates of title if known, the name of the registered owner, the name of the occupants or persons in possession of the property, the owner of the adjoining properties and all other interested parties, the location, area and boundaries of the property, and the date on which all persons having any interest therein must appear and file their claim of objection to the petition;
- [That] a copy of the notice also be sent, by registered mail or otherwise, at the expense of the petitioner, to every person named therein (i.e. the occupants or persons in possession of the property, the owner of the adjoining properties and all other interested parties) whose address is known at least thirty days prior to the date of the hearing; and
- [That] at the hearing, petitioner submits proof of publication, posting and service of the notice as directed by the court.[11] (Emphasis supplied)
SEC. 13. Proof of Service. — x x x. If service is made by registered mail, proof shall be made by such affidavit and the registry receipt issued by the mailing office. The registry return card shall be filed immediately upon its receipt by the sender, or in lieu thereof the unclaimed letter together with the certified or sworn copy of the notice given by the postmaster to the addressee.When service of notice is an issue, the rule is that the person alleging that the notice was served must prove the fact of service. The burden of proving notice rests upon the party asserting its existence. In civil cases, service made through registered mail is proved by the registry receipt issued by the mailing office and an affidavit of the person mailing.[15] Absent one or the other, or worse both, there is no proof of service.[16] In Petition for Habeas Corpus of Benjamin Vergara v. Gedorio, Jr., the Court held that:
When service of notice is an issue, the rule is that the person alleging that the notice was served must prove the fact of service. The burden of proving notice rests upon the party asserting its existence. In civil cases, service made through registered mail is proved by the registry receipt issued by the mailing office and an affidavit of the person mailing of facts showing compliance with Section 7 of Rule 13. In the present case, as proof that petitioners were served with copies of the omnibus motion submitting an inventory of the estate of deceased Allers, respondent Bolaño presented photocopies of the motion with a certification by counsel that service was made by registered mail, together with the registry receipts. While the affidavit and the registry receipts proved that petitioners were served with copies of the motion, it does not follow, however, that petitioners in fact received the motion. Respondent Bolaño failed to present the registry return cards showing that petitioners actually received the motion. Receipts for registered letters and return receipts do not prove themselves, they must be properly authenticated in order to serve as proof of receipt of the letters. Respondent also failed to present a certification of the postmaster that notice was duly issued and delivered to petitioners such that service by registered mail may be deemed completed.[17]Wee asserts that the registry return receipts are attached to the records of this case. It must be stressed, however, that the registry receipts alone are not sufficient to prove that notice was made to the adjoining owners. The law clearly states that it is the registry receipt issued by the mailing office and the affidavit of the person mailing, which proves service made through registered mail.