493 Phil. 874
AZCUNA, J.:
Sec. 13. Compensation. – Each director shall receive a per diem, to be determined by the board, for each meeting of the board actually attended by him, but no director shall receive per diems in any given month in excess of the equivalent of the total per diem of four meetings in any given month. No director shall receive other compensation for services to the district.Petitioners appealed the disallowance to the Commission on Audit, and the same was referred to respondent Director, COA-Regional Office VI, Iloilo City, for adjudication. Respondent Director denied the appeal and sustained the disallowance on the ground that the appeal was filed out of time and was unmeritorious.
Any per diem in excess of P50 shall be subject to approval of the administration.
WHEREFORE, premises considered, it is regretted that the instant appeal cannot be given due course. Accordingly, the subject disallowances under ND Nos. 97-04-101 (95) to 97-024-101 (95) and ND No. 97-035-101 (95), all dated July 15, 1997[,] are hereby affirmed, and the officials determined to be liable thereon should immediately refund/settle the same. The Director, COA Regional Office No. VI, Iloilo City, shall supervise and report to this Commission the proper implementation of this decision.[4]Petitioners’ motion for reconsideration was denied by the Commission on Audit.
The relevant issues in this case are as follows: (1) Whether or not the members of the board of directors of MIWD are entitled to receive the disallowed benefits in addition to the per diem allowed under Presidential Decree No. 198, as amended by Presidential Decree Nos. 768 and 1479, the applicable amendments at that time; and (2) whether or not the refund of the disallowed benefits is in order.
- WHETHER OR NOT SECTION 13 OF P.D. 198 WAS IMPLIEDLY REPEALED BY R.A. 6758 OTHERWISE KNOWN AS COMPENSATION AND POSITION CLASSIFICATION ACT OF 1989 THAT GRANTS AUTHORITY TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF WATER DISTRICTS AS GOVERNMENT-OWNED AND CONTROLLED CORPORATION[S] TO DETERMINE THE COMPENSATION OR PER DIEMS OF ITS MEMBERS;
- WHETHER OR NOT THE LOCAL WATER UTILITIES ADMINISTRATION (LWUA) IS VESTED WITH AUTHORITY TO AUTHORIZE WATER DISTRICTS TO GRANT ECONOMIC BENEFITS TO ITS EMPLOYEES PURSUANT TO SECTIONS 50, 54 AND 62 OF P.D. 198;
- WHETHER OR NOT THE DISALLOWANCE OF ECONOMIC BENEFITS GRANTED TO THE PETITIONERS CONSTITUTES A DIMINUTION IN PAY CONTRARY TO THE AUTHORITY GRANTED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF BUDGET AND MANAGEMENT ALLOWING THE WATER DISTRICTS TO CONTINUE GRANTING THE ALLOWANCES/FRINGE BENEFITS ENJOYED PRIOR TO DAVAO CITY WATER DISTRICT, ET AL. VS. CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION AND COMMISSION ON AUDIT, 201 SCRA 593 DATED SEPTEMBER 13, 1991;
- WHETHER OR NOT P.D. 198 ITSELF EMPOWERS THE BOARD OF THE PETITIONER MIWD TO GRANT ECONOMIC BENEFITS TO ITS OFFICIALS AND EMPLOYEES;
- WHETHER OR NOT SECTION 13, P.D. 198, TRULY PROHIBITS THE GRANT OF ECONOMIC BENEFITS TO MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF WATER DISTRICTS.[5]
SEC. 4. Coverage.—The Compensation and Position Classification System herein provided shall apply to all positions, appointive or elective, on full or part-time basis, now existing or hereafter created in the government, including government-owned or controlled corporations and government financial institutions.In Baybay Water District v. Commission on Audit,[8] it was held that the prohibition in Section 13 of P.D. No. 198, as amended by P.D. No. 768, against the grant of additional compensation to board members has not been repealed by R.A. No. 6758. Baybay Water District stated, thus:
The term “government” refers to the Executive, the Legislative and the Judicial Branches and the Constitutional Commissions and shall include all, but shall not be limited to, departments, bureaus, offices, boards, commissions, courts, tribunals, councils, authorities, administrations, centers, institutes, state colleges and universities, local government units, and the armed forces. The term “government-owned or controlled corporations and financial institutions” shall include all corporations and financial institutions owned or controlled by the National Government, whether such corporations and financial institutions perform governmental or proprietary functions.
SEC. 9. Salary Grade Assignments for Other Positions. --. . .
In no case shall the salary of the chairman, president, general manager or administrator, and the board of directors of government-owned or controlled corporations and financial institutions exceed Salary Grade 30: Provided, That the President may, in truly exceptional cases, approve higher compensation for the aforesaid officials. (Underscoring supplied.)
… R.A. No. 6758, [Sec.] 4 specifically provides that the Salary Standardization Law applies to “positions, appointive or elective, on full or part-time basis, now existing or hereafter created in the government, including government-owned or controlled corporations and government financial institutions.” These positions, with their corresponding functions, are described as follows:It is, therefore, clear that P.D. No. 198 is the legal basis for determining whether or not the members of the board of directors of MIWD are entitled to the subject benefits. Nowhere in the said law are board of directors granted any other benefits except per diem compensation, found in Section 13 thereof, as amended by P.D. No. 768. By specifying the compensation which a director is entitled to receive and by limiting the amount he/she is allowed to receive in a month, and, in the same paragraph, providing “No director shall receive other compensation” than the amount provided for per diems, the law quite clearly indicates that directors of water districts are authorized to receive only the per diem authorized by law and no other compensation or allowance in whatever form.[10]
Sec. 5. Position Classification System.—The Position Classification System shall consist of classes of positions grouped into four main categories, namely: professional supervisory, professional non-supervisory, sub-professional supervisory, and sub-professional non-supervisory, and the rules and regulations for its implementation.
Categorization of these classes of positions shall be guided by the following considerations:
(a) Professional Supervisory Category.—This category includes responsible positions of a managerial character involving the exercise of management functions such as planning, organizing, directing, coordinating, controlling and overseeing within delegated authority the activities of an organization, a unit thereof or of a group, requiring some degree of professional, technical or scientific knowledge and experience, application of managerial or supervisory skills required to carry out their basic duties and responsibilities involving functional guidance and control, leadership, as well as line supervision. These positions require intensive and thorough knowledge of a specialized field usually acquired from completion of a bachelor’s degree or higher degree courses.
The positions in this category are assigned Salary Grade 9 to Salary Grade 33.
(b) Professional Non-Supervisory Category.—This category includes positions performing tasks which usually require the exercise of a particular profession or application of knowledge acquired through formal training in a particular field or just the exercise of a natural, creative and artistic ability or talent in literature, drama, music and other branches of arts and letters. Also included are positions involved in research and application of professional knowledge and methods to a variety of technological, economic, social, industrial and governmental functions; the performance of technical tasks auxiliary to scientific research and development; and in the performance of religious, educational, legal, artistic or literary functions. These positions require thorough knowledge in the field of arts and sciences or learning acquired through completion of at least four (4) years of college studies.
The positions in this category are assigned Salary Grade 8 to Salary Grade 30.
(c) Sub-Professional Supervisory Category.—This category includes positions performing supervisory functions over a group of employees engaged in responsible work along technical, manual or clerical lines of work which are short of professional work, requiring training and moderate experience or lower training but considerable experience and knowledge of a limited subject matter or skills in arts, crafts or trades.
These positions require knowledge acquired from secondary or vocational education or completion of up to two (2) years of college education.
The positions in this category are assigned Salary Grade 4 to Salary Grade 18.
(d) Sub-Professional Non-Supervisory Category.—This category includes positions involved in structured work in support of office or fiscal operations or those engaged in crafts, trades or manual work. These positions usually require skills acquired through training and experience or completion of elementary education, secondary or vocational education or completion of up to two (2) years of college education.
The positions in this category are assigned Salary Grade 1 to Salary Grade 10.
It is obvious that the Salary Standardization Law does not apply to petitioners because directors of water districts are in fact limited to policy-making and are prohibited from the management of the districts. P.D. No. 198, [Sec.] 18 described the functions of members of boards of directors of water districts as follows:
Sec. 18. Functions Limited to Policy-Making.— The function of the board shall be to establish policy. The Board shall not engage in the detailed management of the district.
Furthermore, the fact that [Secs.] 12 and 17 of the Salary Standardization Law speak of allowances as “benefits” paid in addition to the salaries incumbents are presently receiving makes it clear that the law does not refer to the compensation of board of directors of water districts as these directors do not receive salaries but per diems for their compensation.
It is noteworthy that even the Local Water Utilities Administration (LWUA), in Resolution No. 313, s. 1995, entitled “Policy Guidelines on Compensation and Other Benefits to WD Board of Directors,” on which petitioners rely for authority to grant themselves additional benefits, acknowledges that directors of water districts are not organic personnel and, as such, are deemed excluded from the coverage of the Salary Standardization Law. Memorandum Circular No. 94-002 of the DBM-CSC-LWUA-PAWD Oversight Committee states in pertinent part:
As the WD Board of Directors’ function is limited to policy-making under Sec. 18 of Presidential Decree 198, as amended, it is the position of the Oversight Committee that said WD Directors are not to be treated as organic personnel, and as such are deemed excluded from the coverage of RA 6758, and that their powers, rights and privileges are governed by the pertinent provisions of PD 198, as amended, not by R.A. 6758. . . .
There is, therefore, no basis for petitioners’ contention that the provisions of P.D. No. 198 on the compensation of members of the board of directors of water districts are inconsistent with the provisions of the Salary Standardization Law.[9]
. . . The erroneous application and enforcement of the law by public officers does not estop the Government from making a subsequent correction of such errors. More specifically, where there is an express provision of law prohibiting the grant of certain benefits, the law must be enforced even if it prejudices certain parties due to an error committed by public officials in granting the benefit. As already stated, P.D. No. 198 expressly prohibits the grant of compensation other than the payment of per diems, as determined by the LWUA pursuant to P.D. No. 198, to directors of water districts. Practice, without more, no matter how long continued, cannot give rise to any vested right if it is contrary to law.[14]This Court is aware, however, that on April 2, 2004, R.A. No. 9286[15] amended Section 13 of P.D. No. 198, as amended, thus:
Sec. 13. Compensation. – Each director shall receive per diem to be determined by the Board, for each meeting of the Board actually attended by him, but no director shall receive per diems in any given month in excess of the equivalent of the total per diem of four meetings in any given month.However, the amendatory Act is prospective in nature as indicated in its effectivity clause which states, “This Act shall take effect upon its approval.”[16] The Act was approved by President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo on April 2, 2004. Since this case happened before the passage of R.A. No. 6758, petitioners cannot benefit from it, but are still covered by the amendment under P.D. No. 768.
Any per diem in excess of One hundred fifty pesos (P150.00) shall be subject to the approval of the Administration. In addition thereto, each director shall receive allowances and benefits as the Board may prescribe subject to the approval of the Administration. (Emphasis supplied.)